2019 * XXX * Special Issue 2
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY 100
CONTENTS
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Anni Enn, Eda Merisalu
THE PREVALENCE OF WORK ACCIDENTS IN ESTONIAN AGRICULTURE IN 2008–2017
23–31
Highlights:
- The incidence rate of work accidents in agronomy sector is higer in some years, than in all the economic sectors together.
- The total number of work accidents is highest in the sub-sector crop and animal production.
- Predominantly minor accidents and usually among male workers have taken place but in the crop and animal production more among female workers.
- There has also been many severe and fatal work accidents, than could have been avoided with cause analysis.
- Most oftenly wounds and superficial injuries take place in the upper and lower limb as a location. Severe work accidents take place with men and in the foresty sub-sector.
- The biggest incidence rate of accidents was taken place at Järva county.
Valerij Karpov1, Artem Nemtsev1, Toivo Kabanen2, Andres Annuk2
RETRACTION: DETERMINATION OF EFFICIENCY IN THE DESIGN PHASE OF THE ENTERPRISE BY THE METHOD OF FINITE RELATIONS
32–38
Highlights:
- An article was retracted due to the duplicate publishing.
Valerij Karpov2, Jevgenij Zhguliov2, Toivo Kabanen1, Andres Annuk1
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CONSUMPTION – METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION
39–43
Highlights:
- To get a comprehensive presentation of the variety of the processes and the types of energy and equipment involved in farming, it is sufficient to divide the processes into static and mobile.
- This article shows that for the purposes of advanced energy consumption analysis, the consumer energy system becomes an integral part of the whole energy system (starting with the energy generation facility) which forms the demand for the produced energy and its usage efficiency.
- As common handling energetic processes proceeded evaluation from an input energy to through efficiency to end used energy.
- This approach allows recognizing usefully used energy in the process and then find ways to arise efficiency of the process(es).
Veli Palge1, Andres Grigor2
CASE REPORT: ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AT PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BY USING AN AUTOCLAVE ON A FARM
44–50
Highlights:
- On farms, the autoclave is preferable to other products because of the ability to heat different products and packaging of different designs and materials.
- Although the technology involved in the autoclave is energy-intensive and there are intensive energy transfers, this does not mean that the power sources used must be high in power. The energy needed to heat the product in the autoclave can be collected in the form of superheated steam in a steam collector.
- Autoclave work can be organized by heat recovery, which allows the use of lower power sources.
- The steam can be produced using bio, wind or solar energy, which will make the work of the autoclave carbon neutral.
Boris Reppo, Jüri Kuzmin
PULSAVI: A METHOD FOR DETERMINING AND ASSESSING THE WORKLOAD AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF WORKERS
51–55
Highlights:
- The PULSAVI method belongs to the field of ergonomics and allows determining the difficulty level of work and the total energetic workload of a person based on their heart rate and physiological data.
- This is required for analysing and assessing the working processes, technologies, and techniques and is achieved by recording the physical and physiological data of the worker on a computer, transmitting changes in heart rate, recording the person’s activity with a camera, processing the data on a computer with an application program, and displaying the results in real time using a computer screen interface, while assessing (in real time or later, based on recorded footage) the suitability of working technologies (techniques, postures) for the
person without interrupting them.
Vladimir Shkrabak1, Sergei Levashov1, Roman Shkrabak1, Vasily Kaljuga1, Eda Merisalu2, Toivo Kabanen2
ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS FOR PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS
56–61
Highlights:
- The aim of the study was calculation of the economic efficiency of measures for employee protection and the prevention of industrial injuries on the example of agricultural workers in the Kurgan region.
- Based on the analysis of the ways and methods of injury prevention worked out in the project "Improving the North-West of Russia's occupational health and safety system", the reduction of accidents up to 30% for agricultural enterprises of the Kurgan region provides annual cost savings ranging from18 120 to 89 860 €.
- So, due to the fact that the economic effect of the implementation of a number of measures is apparent after a certain period of time, and also depends on the scale of their implementation, the real economic efficiency seems to be significantly higher.
- The results of the analysis of the socio-economic efficiency of this strategy suggest the need for a transition to a different type of occupational safety management – which is "proactive", therefore the priorities are not the management of "occupational environment", but the management of "employee work safety", based on identification and assessment of professional risks.
Published 11-29-2019