Avaldamisel
Avaldamisel artiklid on retsensentide poolt aktsepteeritud artiklid, mis on publitseeritud elektrooniliselt käsikirja vormis, kuid mida pole küljendatud ja mis pole veel ilmunud ajakirja korralises väljaandes. Küljendamine võib põhjustada väikeseid erinevusi võrreldes avaldamisel oleva artikliga, seetõttu võivad publikatsiooni ettevalmistamise käigus muutuda nii pealkiri kui ka sisu.
Valentyna Bandura1, Leonid Yaroshenko2, Larisa Fialkovska3, Dmytro Kondratyuk2, Vladyslav Palamarchuk3, Yurij Paladiichuk2 CASE STUDY: DYNAMICS OF SUNFLOWER SEED MOVEMENT IN THE VIBRATING TRAY OF THE INFRARED DRYER AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE DRYING PROCESS
In Press
CASE STUDY: DYNAMICS OF SUNFLOWER SEED MOVEMENT IN THE VIBRATING TRAY OF THE INFRARED DRYER AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE DRYING PROCESS
Valentyna Bandura1, Leonid Yaroshenko2, Larisa Fialkovska3, Dmytro Kondratyuk2, Vladyslav Palamarchuk3, Yurij Paladiichuk2
1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 19 Henerala Rodimtseva St, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
2Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St, 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
3Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, 87 Soborna St, 21050 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Analysis of researches on the study of the material particle movement on the vibrating surface of the container machine intended for seed drying in the infrared field is carried out. Comparison of traditional devices for dehydration of raw materials with energy supply of infrared irradiation is performed. It is shown that current tendencies of the development of heat and mass transfer equipment are connected with the use of electromagnetic generators of infrared energy. The purpose of the work is to study the process of movement of sunflower seeds on a vibrating tray dryer. To achieve this goal, a dynamic scheme of the vibrating tray has been proposed and theoretical and experimental studies of the process of grain movement have been carried out. It has been established that when the speed of drive electric motors increases from 950 to 970 rotations per minute, the speed of vibro-transportation increases as well, but when reaching a certain value of speed, under a further increase in speed, the speed of vibro-transportation decreases. Experimental studies have allowed to specify the design parameters of vibrating trays and select rational parameters of the technological process of drying, namely the oscillation frequency of the vibrating tray, which is f = 100 s–1.
Keywords: vibration, dynamics of movement, sunflower seeds, infrared drying.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.24
Valentyna Bandura1, Leonid Yaroshenko2, Larisa Fialkovska3, Dmytro Kondratyuk2, Vladyslav Palamarchuk3, Yurij Paladiichuk21National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 19 Henerala Rodimtseva St, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
2Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St, 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
3Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, 87 Soborna St, 21050 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Analysis of researches on the study of the material particle movement on the vibrating surface of the container machine intended for seed drying in the infrared field is carried out. Comparison of traditional devices for dehydration of raw materials with energy supply of infrared irradiation is performed. It is shown that current tendencies of the development of heat and mass transfer equipment are connected with the use of electromagnetic generators of infrared energy. The purpose of the work is to study the process of movement of sunflower seeds on a vibrating tray dryer. To achieve this goal, a dynamic scheme of the vibrating tray has been proposed and theoretical and experimental studies of the process of grain movement have been carried out. It has been established that when the speed of drive electric motors increases from 950 to 970 rotations per minute, the speed of vibro-transportation increases as well, but when reaching a certain value of speed, under a further increase in speed, the speed of vibro-transportation decreases. Experimental studies have allowed to specify the design parameters of vibrating trays and select rational parameters of the technological process of drying, namely the oscillation frequency of the vibrating tray, which is f = 100 s–1.
Keywords: vibration, dynamics of movement, sunflower seeds, infrared drying.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.24
Highlights:
- Analysis of researches on the movement of a material point on a working surface of the vibrating machine which is intended for seed drying using infrared radiation is carried out.
- To study the process of movement of sunflower seeds on a vibrating tray dryer, a dynamic scheme of the study of the vibrating tray was proposed; theoretical and experimental studies of the process of grain movement were carried out.
- As a result of experimental researches, it was established that the highest speed of soil seed transportation will be achieved when the frequency of rotation of driving electric motors is 950–970 rotations per minute.
- At this speed of rotation there begins vibro-transportation of grain with the separation from the tray surface, which contributes to the rotation of the seeds and their uniform irradiation at all sides.
- The conducted experimental researches have also allowed to specify constructive parameters of vibrating trays of the dryer and to choose rational parameters of the technological process of drying.
STORABILITY OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES UNDER ORDINARY AMBIENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
In Press
STORABILITY OF SWEET POTATO GENOTYPES UNDER ORDINARY AMBIENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
Prakash Bhattarai1, Kalyani Mishra Tripathi2, Durga Mani Gautam2, Arjun Kumar Shrestha2
1Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Potato Research Programme, Khumaltar15, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, 44700, Nepal
2Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Bharatpur 15, Bharatpur Metropolitan City, 44209 Nepal
The study was carried out to evaluate the storage performance of sweet potatoes in different conditions under ordinary ambient temperature (10.11–17.49 °C) at Khumaltar, Lalitpur (1350 masl) district of Nepal from December, 20 to March, 13 during the years 2018/19 and 2019/20. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Tuberous roots of three sweet potato genotypes ('CIP 440015', 'CIP 440267', and 'Local White') harvested at 4-month maturity were stored inside an ordinary room in dry sand, sawdust, thin jute sack, natural mud pot, and open crates (control). Data were taken on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th weeks of storage. The pooled results showed a significant effect of storage conditions on physiological loss in weight and rotting (%) of sweet potato genotypes. With the progression of the storage period, physiological weight loss (PLW) and rotting (%) were significantly increased in all treatments. At the 12th week of storage, the highest PLW was recorded in the tubers stored in open crates (70.2%) followed by natural mud pot (65.2%) whereas the lowest PLW was observed in tubers stored inside the dry sand (50.2%). Genotype 'CIP 440015' showed good storability with minimum PLW. No weevil infestation and sprouting were observed during the experimental period. The lowest percentage of tuber rotting was recorded in the genotype 'CIP 440015' (55.3%) and inside dry sand (48.7%) at the 12th week of storage while it was the highest up to 85.9% in 'CIP 440267'. The highest rotting 76.7%) was recorded in thin jute bags which is statistically at par with natural mud pot (76.5%). The interaction effect of storage conditions and genotypes was found not significant. The results showed an increment in dry matter and reducing sugar content while the reduction in ß-carotene and starch content of tubers after 3 months of storage inside dry sand. There was positive and strong correlation of storage duration with dry matter (r = 0.750) and reducing sugar (r = 0.658) whereas, negative correlation with starch (r = –0.918) and ß-carotene (r = –0.352) content of sweet potato genotypes. The study concluded that sweet potato tuber can be kept for 8 to 10 weeks in dry sand with minimum postharvest loss in ordinary room condition and the genotype 'CIP 440015' has good storability among the tested genotypes in similar conditions.
Keywords: ambient storage, biochemical changes, rotting, storage, sweet potato, weight loss.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.20
Prakash Bhattarai1, Kalyani Mishra Tripathi2, Durga Mani Gautam2, Arjun Kumar Shrestha21Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Potato Research Programme, Khumaltar15, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, 44700, Nepal
2Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Bharatpur 15, Bharatpur Metropolitan City, 44209 Nepal
The study was carried out to evaluate the storage performance of sweet potatoes in different conditions under ordinary ambient temperature (10.11–17.49 °C) at Khumaltar, Lalitpur (1350 masl) district of Nepal from December, 20 to March, 13 during the years 2018/19 and 2019/20. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Tuberous roots of three sweet potato genotypes ('CIP 440015', 'CIP 440267', and 'Local White') harvested at 4-month maturity were stored inside an ordinary room in dry sand, sawdust, thin jute sack, natural mud pot, and open crates (control). Data were taken on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th weeks of storage. The pooled results showed a significant effect of storage conditions on physiological loss in weight and rotting (%) of sweet potato genotypes. With the progression of the storage period, physiological weight loss (PLW) and rotting (%) were significantly increased in all treatments. At the 12th week of storage, the highest PLW was recorded in the tubers stored in open crates (70.2%) followed by natural mud pot (65.2%) whereas the lowest PLW was observed in tubers stored inside the dry sand (50.2%). Genotype 'CIP 440015' showed good storability with minimum PLW. No weevil infestation and sprouting were observed during the experimental period. The lowest percentage of tuber rotting was recorded in the genotype 'CIP 440015' (55.3%) and inside dry sand (48.7%) at the 12th week of storage while it was the highest up to 85.9% in 'CIP 440267'. The highest rotting 76.7%) was recorded in thin jute bags which is statistically at par with natural mud pot (76.5%). The interaction effect of storage conditions and genotypes was found not significant. The results showed an increment in dry matter and reducing sugar content while the reduction in ß-carotene and starch content of tubers after 3 months of storage inside dry sand. There was positive and strong correlation of storage duration with dry matter (r = 0.750) and reducing sugar (r = 0.658) whereas, negative correlation with starch (r = –0.918) and ß-carotene (r = –0.352) content of sweet potato genotypes. The study concluded that sweet potato tuber can be kept for 8 to 10 weeks in dry sand with minimum postharvest loss in ordinary room condition and the genotype 'CIP 440015' has good storability among the tested genotypes in similar conditions.
Keywords: ambient storage, biochemical changes, rotting, storage, sweet potato, weight loss.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.20
Highlights:
- The health of sweet potato tubers remained good up to 8–10 weeks storage at ambient temperature.
- Storage of sweet potato tubers in dry sand and sawdust was found good with minimum post-harvest losses at room temperature
- Sweet potato genotype 'CIP 440015' performed best with good storability at ambient temperature.
Іryna Ivanova1, Мarina Serdyuk1, Vira Malkina1, Tetiana Tymoshchuk2, Anna Kotelnytska2, Vira Moisiienko2 THE FORECASTING OF POLYPHENOLIC SUBSTANCES IN SWEET CHERRY FRUITS UNDER THE IMPACT OF WEATHER FACTORS
In Press
THE FORECASTING OF POLYPHENOLIC SUBSTANCES IN SWEET CHERRY FRUITS UNDER THE IMPACT OF WEATHER FACTORS
Іryna Ivanova1, Мarina Serdyuk1, Vira Malkina1, Tetiana Tymoshchuk2, Anna Kotelnytska2, Vira Moisiienko2
1Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18B Khmelnytsky Ave, UA72312 Melitopol, Zaporizhzhia region, Ukraine
2Polissia National University, 7 Staryi Blvd, UA10008 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
It has been proved that during the period of research the weather factors had dominating effects on the formation of phenolic substances fund for the fruits of early and late groups of cultivars. The cultivar features affected the accumulation of the phenolic substances in the fruits of a group of cultivars of a medium-term ripening. It has been established that the fruits of 'Kazka' cultivar (203.17 mg 100 g–1) were selected from among the cultivars of an early-term ripening according to the average phenol substances content. The fruits of 'Rubinova Rannia' (175.27 mg 100 g–1) are characterized by the optimal variation indices as well as by the average content of polyphenolic substances. From the technological point of view, the most perspective from among the cultivars of medium- and late-terms of ripening was: 'Uliublenytsia Turovtseva' (226.85 mg 100 g–1), 'Udivitelna' (288.55 mg 100 g–1). The results of experimental analysis for the fruits of early- and late-terms of ripening as well as their dispersion analysis allow us to forecast the content of the phenolic substances by the average indices but not separately for every pomological cultivar. Based on designed regression models, the analysis of the degree of impact of each weather factor on the rate of the phenolic substance has been made. The humidity index (the average monthly amount of rainfalls in May) had maximal effects on the accumulation of phenolic substances fund for the cherry fruits of three terms of ripening. The humidity indices of the last months of fruits formation (May and June) had the greatest effects on the accumulation of phenolic substances for a test group of plants of all terms of ripening.
Keywords: P-active substances of phenolic nature, variation, weather conditions, correlation, connection.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.27
Іryna Ivanova1, Мarina Serdyuk1, Vira Malkina1, Tetiana Tymoshchuk2, Anna Kotelnytska2, Vira Moisiienko2 1Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18B Khmelnytsky Ave, UA72312 Melitopol, Zaporizhzhia region, Ukraine
2Polissia National University, 7 Staryi Blvd, UA10008 Zhytomyr, Ukraine
It has been proved that during the period of research the weather factors had dominating effects on the formation of phenolic substances fund for the fruits of early and late groups of cultivars. The cultivar features affected the accumulation of the phenolic substances in the fruits of a group of cultivars of a medium-term ripening. It has been established that the fruits of 'Kazka' cultivar (203.17 mg 100 g–1) were selected from among the cultivars of an early-term ripening according to the average phenol substances content. The fruits of 'Rubinova Rannia' (175.27 mg 100 g–1) are characterized by the optimal variation indices as well as by the average content of polyphenolic substances. From the technological point of view, the most perspective from among the cultivars of medium- and late-terms of ripening was: 'Uliublenytsia Turovtseva' (226.85 mg 100 g–1), 'Udivitelna' (288.55 mg 100 g–1). The results of experimental analysis for the fruits of early- and late-terms of ripening as well as their dispersion analysis allow us to forecast the content of the phenolic substances by the average indices but not separately for every pomological cultivar. Based on designed regression models, the analysis of the degree of impact of each weather factor on the rate of the phenolic substance has been made. The humidity index (the average monthly amount of rainfalls in May) had maximal effects on the accumulation of phenolic substances fund for the cherry fruits of three terms of ripening. The humidity indices of the last months of fruits formation (May and June) had the greatest effects on the accumulation of phenolic substances for a test group of plants of all terms of ripening.
Keywords: P-active substances of phenolic nature, variation, weather conditions, correlation, connection.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.27
Highlights:
- The average content of phenolic substances in sweet cherry fruits of the early-, medium-, and late-terms of ripening equalled 205.86 mg 100 g–1 in rutin equivalent.
- The weather factors had dominating effects on the formation of phenolic substances fund for the fruits of an early and late group of cultivars.
- The cultivar features affected the accumulation of the phenolic substance in the fruits of a group of cultivars of a medium-term ripening.
- The model of dependence of the accumulation of phenolic substances fund on the impact of weather factors for the groups of cultivar of early, medium- and late-terms of ripening designed.
LÜHIARTIKKEL: MULDKATTE TALITLEMISE PEDOÖKOLOOGILISED SEADUSPÄRASUSED
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SHORT COMMUNICATION: PEDOECOLOGICAL REGULARITIES OF SOIL COVER FUNCTIONING
Raimo Kõlli
Chair of Soil Science, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
The contradictory statements and opinions, which need by the mind of author additional explanation or disentangle are in the work followings: stages in the forming soil covers' humus status; additional carbon sequestration into the soil; discord between consumption and accumulation of soil organic matter; the influence of land use, land-use change and soil tillage on soil humus status; permanent and dynamic properties of soil; the role of agriculture in carbon turnover; degradation of soil fertility; the influence of different components of soil organic matter on soil functioning; pedoecological approach of peat soils; biodiversity and species richness of soils; weediness of agroecosystems; ethical statements concerning land use.
Keywords: soil cover, humus status, carbon sequestration, land use change, carbon turnover, biodiversity, peat soils.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.25
Raimo KõlliChair of Soil Science, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
The contradictory statements and opinions, which need by the mind of author additional explanation or disentangle are in the work followings: stages in the forming soil covers' humus status; additional carbon sequestration into the soil; discord between consumption and accumulation of soil organic matter; the influence of land use, land-use change and soil tillage on soil humus status; permanent and dynamic properties of soil; the role of agriculture in carbon turnover; degradation of soil fertility; the influence of different components of soil organic matter on soil functioning; pedoecological approach of peat soils; biodiversity and species richness of soils; weediness of agroecosystems; ethical statements concerning land use.
Keywords: soil cover, humus status, carbon sequestration, land use change, carbon turnover, biodiversity, peat soils.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.25
Oluline:
- Põhjalikumat uurimist väärib mulla orgaanilise aine (MOA) majandamise bioloogiline külg ja mullatüübipõhise liigirikkuse ökoloogia.
- Oluline on saavutada tasakaal kahe vastandliku suuna, MOA kulutamise ja selle stabiilse huumusena säilitamise, vahel.
- Mullaerimi MOA akumulatsioonivõime sõltub ennekõike tema ülesehitusest ja talitlemise iseloomust, mitte aga niivõrd maakasutuse viisist.
- Põllukultuuride viljelemise kliimamõju objektiivse hinnangu saamiseks tuleks aluseks võtta süsiniku akumulatsiooni ja emiteerimise hulgad ja vahekord.
- Turvasmuldkattena tuleks käsitleda vaid turbalasundi pealmist 50 cm kihti, mille all asuv osa on mittefossiilne maavara.
- Viljakad põlis-(pärand-)põllud vajavad ühiskonna jätkusuutliku isevarustatuse huvides riiklikku kaitset.
Tetiana Levenets1, Oleksandr Smirnov1,2, Mariia Kovalenko1, Liudmyla Mykhalska2, Victor Schwartau2, Nataliya Taran1 AGAR GEL PHENOTYPING OF ROOT TRAITS AS RAPID AND SENSITIVE ASSAY OF WHEAT SEEDLINGS RESPONSE TO EDAPHIC FACTORS: ON EXAMPLE OF CADMIUM
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AGAR GEL PHENOTYPING OF ROOT TRAITS AS RAPID AND SENSITIVE ASSAY OF WHEAT SEEDLINGS RESPONSE TO EDAPHIC FACTORS: ON EXAMPLE OF CADMIUM
Tetiana Levenets1, Oleksandr Smirnov1,2, Mariia Kovalenko1, Liudmyla Mykhalska2, Victor Schwartau2, Nataliya Taran1 Educational and Scientific Centre "Institute of Biology and Medicine", Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska St, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
2Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 31/17 Vasylkivska St, Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
The influence of different concentrations of cadmium on root elongation, exudative activity of roots and seminal root angle of two wheat genotypes: common bread wheat – Triticum aestivum L. (cv. 'Favorytka') and emmer wheat – Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (cv. 'Holikovska') have been studied in the germination stage. Rapid changes in morphofunctional traits upon first three days of exposure to cadmium on early stages of growth have been studied on phenotyping plates with 25, 50 and 100 µM addition to agar-acid/base indicator medium. Significant inhibition of root elongation, exudative root activity and changes in seminal root angle were observed. Exposure to the highest Cd concentration led to a decrease in primal root length by 50%, decrease in root exudative activity by 88% and decrease in seminal root angle by 24 degrees in T. aestivum compared to a decrease by 12%, 83% and 17 degrees in T. dicoccum. Unlike root growth retardation, a decrease in exudative activity was observed on all three Cd concentrations. The root growth performance at starting stage of seedlings ontogenesis proposed as an express and sensitive phenotyping test method for determining plant response to edaphic stressors by cadmium toxicity example.
Keywords: root phenotyping, seminal root angle, exudative activity, cadmium toxicity, Triticum aestivum, Triticum dicoccum.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.22
Tetiana Levenets1, Oleksandr Smirnov1,2, Mariia Kovalenko1, Liudmyla Mykhalska2, Victor Schwartau2, Nataliya Taran1 Educational and Scientific Centre "Institute of Biology and Medicine", Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska St, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine2Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 31/17 Vasylkivska St, Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
The influence of different concentrations of cadmium on root elongation, exudative activity of roots and seminal root angle of two wheat genotypes: common bread wheat – Triticum aestivum L. (cv. 'Favorytka') and emmer wheat – Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (cv. 'Holikovska') have been studied in the germination stage. Rapid changes in morphofunctional traits upon first three days of exposure to cadmium on early stages of growth have been studied on phenotyping plates with 25, 50 and 100 µM addition to agar-acid/base indicator medium. Significant inhibition of root elongation, exudative root activity and changes in seminal root angle were observed. Exposure to the highest Cd concentration led to a decrease in primal root length by 50%, decrease in root exudative activity by 88% and decrease in seminal root angle by 24 degrees in T. aestivum compared to a decrease by 12%, 83% and 17 degrees in T. dicoccum. Unlike root growth retardation, a decrease in exudative activity was observed on all three Cd concentrations. The root growth performance at starting stage of seedlings ontogenesis proposed as an express and sensitive phenotyping test method for determining plant response to edaphic stressors by cadmium toxicity example.
Keywords: root phenotyping, seminal root angle, exudative activity, cadmium toxicity, Triticum aestivum, Triticum dicoccum.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.22
Highlights:
- The influence of different concentrations of cadmium on root elongation, exudative activity of roots and seminal root angle of two wheat genotypes: common bread wheat – Triticum aestivum L. (cv. 'Favorytka') and emmer wheat – Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (cv. 'Holikovska') have been studied in the germination stage.
- Rapid changes in morphofunctional traits upon first three days of exposure to cadmium on early stages of growth have been studied on phenotyping plates with 25, 50 and 100 µM addition to agar-acid/base indicator medium.
- The root growth performance at starting stage of seedlings ontogenesis proposed as an express and sensitive phenotyping test method for determining plant response to edaphic stressors by cadmium toxicity example.
- The test method proposes an opportunity for non-invasive monitoring of early stages of root development and rapid, real-time assessment of its response to edaphic stressors. All while being cheap, cost-effective in terms of labour and time, and flexible to modifications..
Victor Mazur1, Oleksandr Tkachuk1, Hanna Pantsyreva1, Ihor Kupchuk1, Myroslava Mordvaniuk1, Oleksandr Chynchyk2 ECOLOGICAL SUITABILITY PEAS (Pisum sativum) VARIETIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN UKRAINE
In Press
ECOLOGICAL SUITABILITY PEAS (Pisum sativum) VARIETIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN UKRAINE
Victor Mazur1, Oleksandr Tkachuk1, Hanna Pantsyreva1, Ihor Kupchuk1, Myroslava Mordvaniuk1, Oleksandr Chynchyk2
1Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St, Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine
2State Agrarian and Engineering University, 13 Shevchenko St, Kamianets-Podilskyi, 32300, Ukraine
The varieties of peas can realize about 50% of their productive potential. One of the main reasons for this is the wrong choice of variety for specific ecological growing conditions. Therefore, the purpose and task of our research are to analyze the current range of peas, included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for cultivation in Ukraine in terms of their real productivity and resistance to drought and disease in the context of climate change in the direction of drought and temperature rise. Assessment of agroecological stability of pea varieties was carried out by elaboration of the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine for 2020, 2010 and Official Descriptions of Plant Varieties and Suitability Indicators submitted in the official bulletins "Protection of Plant Variety Rights" published in Information and reference system "Variety". The most resistant to disease in Ukraine are varieties of peas 'Verbal', 'Prystan', 'Есо', 'Atanas', 'Haiduk'. Varieties are marked by the highest drought resistance 'Verbal', 'Album', 'Alssas', 'Kampus'. The most productive varieties were peas 'Kosmai', 'Album', 'Haiduk', 'Trendy'. The increase in the average annual air temperature in Ukraine during 2001–2020 by 19.3% (8.2–9.9 °C) led to a decrease in the yield of peas by 13.7%, but an increase in the score of resistance of pea varieties to diseases by 25.0%, the score of drought resistance – by 18.8%. Comparison of indicators of disease resistance, drought resistance and productivity of pea varieties for 2020 and 2010 showed that the score of resistance of pea varieties sown to diseases in the period from 2010 to 2020 increased from 6.3 to 8.4 points, i.e. by 25.0%. Drought resistance of pea varieties in 2020 compared to 2010 increased from 6.5 to 8.0 points, which is 18.8%. At the same time, the grain productivity of pea varieties in 2020 compared to 2010 decreased from 3.57 t ha–1 to 3.08 t ha–1, which is 13.7%.
Keywords: Pisum sativum, variety, meteorological conditions, agroecological sustainability.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.26
Victor Mazur1, Oleksandr Tkachuk1, Hanna Pantsyreva1, Ihor Kupchuk1, Myroslava Mordvaniuk1, Oleksandr Chynchyk2 1Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St, Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine
2State Agrarian and Engineering University, 13 Shevchenko St, Kamianets-Podilskyi, 32300, Ukraine
The varieties of peas can realize about 50% of their productive potential. One of the main reasons for this is the wrong choice of variety for specific ecological growing conditions. Therefore, the purpose and task of our research are to analyze the current range of peas, included in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for cultivation in Ukraine in terms of their real productivity and resistance to drought and disease in the context of climate change in the direction of drought and temperature rise. Assessment of agroecological stability of pea varieties was carried out by elaboration of the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine for 2020, 2010 and Official Descriptions of Plant Varieties and Suitability Indicators submitted in the official bulletins "Protection of Plant Variety Rights" published in Information and reference system "Variety". The most resistant to disease in Ukraine are varieties of peas 'Verbal', 'Prystan', 'Есо', 'Atanas', 'Haiduk'. Varieties are marked by the highest drought resistance 'Verbal', 'Album', 'Alssas', 'Kampus'. The most productive varieties were peas 'Kosmai', 'Album', 'Haiduk', 'Trendy'. The increase in the average annual air temperature in Ukraine during 2001–2020 by 19.3% (8.2–9.9 °C) led to a decrease in the yield of peas by 13.7%, but an increase in the score of resistance of pea varieties to diseases by 25.0%, the score of drought resistance – by 18.8%. Comparison of indicators of disease resistance, drought resistance and productivity of pea varieties for 2020 and 2010 showed that the score of resistance of pea varieties sown to diseases in the period from 2010 to 2020 increased from 6.3 to 8.4 points, i.e. by 25.0%. Drought resistance of pea varieties in 2020 compared to 2010 increased from 6.5 to 8.0 points, which is 18.8%. At the same time, the grain productivity of pea varieties in 2020 compared to 2010 decreased from 3.57 t ha–1 to 3.08 t ha–1, which is 13.7%.
Keywords: Pisum sativum, variety, meteorological conditions, agroecological sustainability.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.26
Highlights:
- The most productive in Ukraine are varieties of peas 'Kosmai', 'Album', 'Haiduk', 'Trendy’ with a yield of 3.75-4.70 t ha–1.
- The most resistant to disease in Ukraine are varieties of peas 'Verbal', 'Prystan', 'Есо', 'Atanas', 'Haiduk' with the 8.7–8.8 points out of 9 maximum possible.
- The highest drought resistance was noted by 'Verbal' – 8.8 points, 'Album', 'Alssas' – 8.7 points, 'Kampus' – 8.6 points out of 9 maximum possible.
SHORT COMMUNICATION: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND FARMYARD MANURE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPINACH (Spinacia oleracea L.)
In Press
SHORT COMMUNICATION: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND FARMYARD MANURE ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPINACH (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Parbati Thapa1, Ram Kumar Shrestha1, Kishor Kafle1, Jiban Shrestha2
1Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar 07, Sundarbazar Municipality, 33600, Nepal
2Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Plant Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, Khumaltar15, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, 44700, Nepal.
The application of nitrogen (N) and farmyard manure (FYM) greatly affects the growth and production of spinach. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen and farmyard manure on the growth and yield of spinach. This study was conducted in the research field of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung, Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal from November 2019 to January 2020. The treatments were: 0 kg N ha–1, 30 kg N ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1 + 10 t FYM ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1 + 20 t FYM ha–1, 90 kg N ha–1 and 120 kg N ha–1. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that higher N levels gave better results for all parameters studied. The increasing N fertilization rates increased the vegetative characters and yield of spinach. The maximum plant height (22.68 cm), leaf width (6.69 cm), number of leaves (12.93), fresh weight of leaves (17.07 g) and leaf length (14.94 cm) were recorded with the application of the highest level of nitrogen (120 kg N ha–1). The spinach yield (3.2 t ha–1) was the highest with the application of 120 kg N ha–1. However, the growth and yield traits were not significantly differed with the application of 60 kg N ha–1 + 20 t FYM ha–1. Therefore, this study suggests that spinach production can be maximized by the application of 60 kg N ha–1+ 20 t FYM ha–1.
Keywords: spinach, growth, nitrogen, farmyard manure, yield, fertility.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.21
Parbati Thapa1, Ram Kumar Shrestha1, Kishor Kafle1, Jiban Shrestha21Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar 07, Sundarbazar Municipality, 33600, Nepal
2Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Plant Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, Khumaltar15, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, 44700, Nepal.
The application of nitrogen (N) and farmyard manure (FYM) greatly affects the growth and production of spinach. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen and farmyard manure on the growth and yield of spinach. This study was conducted in the research field of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung, Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal from November 2019 to January 2020. The treatments were: 0 kg N ha–1, 30 kg N ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1 + 10 t FYM ha–1, 60 kg N ha–1 + 20 t FYM ha–1, 90 kg N ha–1 and 120 kg N ha–1. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that higher N levels gave better results for all parameters studied. The increasing N fertilization rates increased the vegetative characters and yield of spinach. The maximum plant height (22.68 cm), leaf width (6.69 cm), number of leaves (12.93), fresh weight of leaves (17.07 g) and leaf length (14.94 cm) were recorded with the application of the highest level of nitrogen (120 kg N ha–1). The spinach yield (3.2 t ha–1) was the highest with the application of 120 kg N ha–1. However, the growth and yield traits were not significantly differed with the application of 60 kg N ha–1 + 20 t FYM ha–1. Therefore, this study suggests that spinach production can be maximized by the application of 60 kg N ha–1+ 20 t FYM ha–1.
Keywords: spinach, growth, nitrogen, farmyard manure, yield, fertility.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.21
Highlights:
- The application of nitrogen (N) and farmyard manure (FYM) affected the growth and production of spinach. However, the growth and yield traits were not significantly differed with the application of 60 kg N ha–1+ 20 t FYM ha–1.
- The maximum plant height (22.68 cm), leaf width (6.69 cm), number of leaves (12.93), fresh weight of leaves (17.07 g), leaf length (14.94 cm) and yield (3.2 t ha–1) were recorded with the application of the highest level of nitrogen (120 kg N ha–1), however, these traits were not significantly differed with the application of 60 kg N ha–1+ 20 t FYM ha–1.
- Spinach production can be maximized by the application of 60 kg N ha–1+ 20 t FYM ha–1.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE MECHATRONIC SYSTEM FOR PIGSTY MICROCLIMATE MAINTENANCE
In Press
JUSTIFICATION OF THE MECHATRONIC SYSTEM FOR PIGSTY MICROCLIMATE MAINTENANCE
Vitalii Yaropud1, Iryna Hunko1, Elchyn Aliiev2, Ihor Kupchuk1
1Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine
2Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, 25 Voroshylova St., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine
The main parameters of the microclimate of pig farms are regulated by the norms of technological design. Naturally, such microclimate parameters at real energy prices require high costs, but these are the most favourable conditions for the life of suckling piglets. According to the presented analysis, the problem of research is the need to provide a microclimate in the room for comfortable keeping of pigs, which is currently achieved through high energy. The purpose of the development is to increase the efficiency of the microclimate of pig farms by using a mechatronic control system, rational use of utilized air energy and soil thermal potential with reduced energy costs of the ventilation system. The problem is solved by creating such a mechatronic system to ensure the microclimate of pig farms, which can: switch the direction of airflow to ensure the operation of the system in winter and summer; to control the movement of air, which must be disposed of according to the parameters of its quality; to provide a local microclimate in each place where animals are kept; rational use of soil thermal energy as a source of alternative energy; to carry out automatic pumping of the water necessary for humidification of air, and its utilization. The article presents the results of research of parameters of the developed mechatronic system of providing microclimate of pig premises, which were carried out in three stages: research of heat exchanger of side-evaporating type; substantiation of the ventilation system of polluted air intake; substantiation of the ventilation system for injecting clean air taking into account it's geothermal heating/cooling. The advantage of the proposed mechatronic system of the microclimate of pig farms is that it allows increasing the efficiency of microclimate by rational use of energy of utilized air (due to the use of side-evaporator type heat exchanger based on Maisotsenko cycle) and soil heat potential (geothermal energy) at low operating costs of the ventilation system through the additional provision of mechatronic elements. The presented results of numerical simulation of the indirect evaporative heat exchanger allow us to state that the cooling effect obtained in indirect evaporative channels can be quite high in comparison with traditional air conditioning patterns. The presented heat exchanger based on the Maisotsenko cycle (M-cycle) of considered heat carrier flow scheme is characterized by its high cost-effectiveness, low specific cost, small operational costs and structural simplicity, which is confirmed in the works. The models obtained in the Star CCM +software package can be used for optimization analysis of air-cooling with variations in the Reynolds number, humidity, channel length and geometric dimensions of channels. Because of analytical investigations of the contaminated air intake ventilation system, the method was developed and on its basis – the algorithm was implemented for the determination of geometrical arrangement of holes in the air duct of the mechatronic system for pigsty microclimate maintenance.
Keywords: pigsty, microclimate, mechatronic system, ventilation, heat exchanger, geothermal energy.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.23
Vitalii Yaropud1, Iryna Hunko1, Elchyn Aliiev2, Ihor Kupchuk11Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, 3 Sonyachna St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine
2Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, 25 Voroshylova St., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine
The main parameters of the microclimate of pig farms are regulated by the norms of technological design. Naturally, such microclimate parameters at real energy prices require high costs, but these are the most favourable conditions for the life of suckling piglets. According to the presented analysis, the problem of research is the need to provide a microclimate in the room for comfortable keeping of pigs, which is currently achieved through high energy. The purpose of the development is to increase the efficiency of the microclimate of pig farms by using a mechatronic control system, rational use of utilized air energy and soil thermal potential with reduced energy costs of the ventilation system. The problem is solved by creating such a mechatronic system to ensure the microclimate of pig farms, which can: switch the direction of airflow to ensure the operation of the system in winter and summer; to control the movement of air, which must be disposed of according to the parameters of its quality; to provide a local microclimate in each place where animals are kept; rational use of soil thermal energy as a source of alternative energy; to carry out automatic pumping of the water necessary for humidification of air, and its utilization. The article presents the results of research of parameters of the developed mechatronic system of providing microclimate of pig premises, which were carried out in three stages: research of heat exchanger of side-evaporating type; substantiation of the ventilation system of polluted air intake; substantiation of the ventilation system for injecting clean air taking into account it's geothermal heating/cooling. The advantage of the proposed mechatronic system of the microclimate of pig farms is that it allows increasing the efficiency of microclimate by rational use of energy of utilized air (due to the use of side-evaporator type heat exchanger based on Maisotsenko cycle) and soil heat potential (geothermal energy) at low operating costs of the ventilation system through the additional provision of mechatronic elements. The presented results of numerical simulation of the indirect evaporative heat exchanger allow us to state that the cooling effect obtained in indirect evaporative channels can be quite high in comparison with traditional air conditioning patterns. The presented heat exchanger based on the Maisotsenko cycle (M-cycle) of considered heat carrier flow scheme is characterized by its high cost-effectiveness, low specific cost, small operational costs and structural simplicity, which is confirmed in the works. The models obtained in the Star CCM +software package can be used for optimization analysis of air-cooling with variations in the Reynolds number, humidity, channel length and geometric dimensions of channels. Because of analytical investigations of the contaminated air intake ventilation system, the method was developed and on its basis – the algorithm was implemented for the determination of geometrical arrangement of holes in the air duct of the mechatronic system for pigsty microclimate maintenance.
Keywords: pigsty, microclimate, mechatronic system, ventilation, heat exchanger, geothermal energy.
Source: Agraarteadus, 2021, 32(2):In Press
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15159/jas.21.23
Highlights:
- The developed mechatronic system can:
- switch the direction of airflow to ensure the operation of the system in winter and summer;
- control the movement of air, which can be disposed of according to the parameters of its quality;
- provide a local microclimate in each place where animals are kept;
- rational use of soil thermal energy as a source of alternative energy;
- carry out automatic pumping of the water necessary for humidification of air and its utilization.
- The method was developed and on its basis, the algorithm was implemented for the determination of the geometrical arrangement of holes in the air duct of the mechatronic system for pigsty microclimate maintenance..
Märkus: Ajakirja nimi andmebaasides on Agraarteadus, seetõttu palume Teil sellele viitamisel seda nii ka nimetada.
Note: Our journal is referred to as Agraarteadus in databases, therefore we kindly ask you to cite it as indicated.
